Modeling and leveling factors affecting the growth of businesses at the bottom of the pyramid entrepreneurs (Case study of Imam Khomeini Relief Committee)

Ansari, Fereshteh; Badiezadeh, Ali; Abdul Maleki, Hojjatullah; Zaboli, Ruhollah

doi:10.22034/jtd.2022.254407

Modeling and leveling factors affecting the growth of businesses at the bottom of the pyramid entrepreneurs (Case study of Imam Khomeini Relief Committee)

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

fereshteh ansari ¹

ali badiezadeh ²

Hojjatullah Abdul Maleki ³

Ruhollah Zaboli ⁴

¹ PhD Student in Entrepreneurship، Organizational, Department of Entrepreneurship, Qzvin Branch Islamic Azad University, Qazvin, Iran

² Assistant Professor, Department of Industrial Management, Qazvin Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qazvin, Iran

³ Associate Professor, Department of Economics, Faculty of Islamic Studies and Economics, Imam Sadegh (AS) University

⁴ Associate Professor, Department of Health Services Management, School of Health, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

https://doi.org/10.22034/jtd.2022.254407

Abstract

Studying entrepreneurship at the bottom of the pyramid faces many challenges because most studies exclude the bottom of the pyramid from entrepreneurship studies worldwide. The most important reason for this can be seen in the low importance of poverty in Western Europe and North America in the field of business and these areas should be considered the most important areas of business studies in the world. Therefore, following this necessity, the present study is based on the study and leveling of the business growth areas of entrepreneurs at the bottom of the pyramid of the Imam Khomeini Relief Committee. In the present study, we try to combine the grounded theory strategy with the topics of analysis in soft operations while identifying the variables involved and leveling them. The philosophy is the interpretive type with a qualitative approach. Evaluation and measurement performed by a questionnaire (sample size of 10 business experts based on the targeted sample). The results after DEMATEL analysis and interpretive structural analysis showed that the category of entrepreneurial conditions as the most important variable of the set of eight categories of business is the bottom of the pyramid in the relief committee. This category was the most important independent variable of the set, which along with the variables of interactive facilitation management, interactive facilitation level, and facilitation management introduced as independent variables that result of their interaction is the formation of four outcome variables, namely, facilitation consequences, other factors affecting facilitation, facilitation structure, and facilitators of facilitator formation as dependent variables.

Keywords

The bottom of the pyramid entrepreneurs

Imam Khomeini Relief Committee

Entrepreneur

20.1001.1.26765403.1401.20.50.5.7

انصاری، و؛ شناسایی و تعیین نقش عوامل مؤثر بر رکود طرحهای کشاورزی در ایران، پایاننامه کارشناسی ارشد اقتصاد کشاورزی، دانشگاه تهران، دانشکده کشاورزی، 1380.
خفایی، بهزاد؛ "عوامل مؤثر بر عدم موفقیت شرکتهای بخش کشاورزی شهرستان بوشهر و دشتستان"، تعاون، دوره 20، شماره 83، صص 203-183، 1388.
رنگریز، حسن؛ کریم، محمدحسین؛ "طراحی الگوی مدیریت استعداد با رویکرد داده بنیاد در کمیته امداد امام خمینی (ره)"، فصلنامه مهندسی تصمیم، دوره 3، شماره 9، صص 101-68، 1398.
زیودار، مهدی؛ قاسمی، امیرمحمد؛ "اولویت‌بندی عوامل تسهیل‌گر در راه‌اندازی کسب‌وکارهای کوچک و متوسط با استفاده از روش مقدار ترکیبی قضاوت‌ها در محیط فازی"، فصلنامه علمی پژوهشی توسعه کارآفرینی، دوره 4، شماره 1، صص 186-167، 1390.
صدرینیا، محمد؛ میراسدی، سمانه؛ ورورانی، محسن؛ "روشهای مختلف تأمین مالی بنگاههای کوچک و متوسط در مراحل مختلف دوره عمر"، پارکها و مراکز رشد، دوره 19، شماره 13، صص 20-13، 1388.
فیضپور، محمدعلی؛ پوش دوزباشی، هانیه؛ "بنگاههای کوچک و متوسط با رشد سریع و سهم آنها در ایجاد اشتغال"، پژوهشهای اقتصادی ایران، دوره 12، شماره 37، صص 132-120، 1387.
محمدکاظمی، رضا؛ طالبی، کامبیز؛ داوری، علی؛ دهقان نجم آبادی، عامر؛ "طراحی مدل توانمندسازی کسب و کارهای کوچک و متوسط دانش بنیان با رویکرد دیمتل"، فصلنامه انجمن علوم مدیریت ایران، دوره 16، شماره 61، 1400.
موسوی، ر؛ "طرح حمایت از گسترش بنگاههای اقتصادی زود بازده و موانع اجرای آن"، پارکها و مراکز رشد، دوره 7، شماره 15، صص 21-13، 1382.
نکویی نایینی، علی؛ علی بیگی، امیرحسین؛ زرفشانی، کیومرث؛ "واکاوی عوامل مؤثر بر موفقیت تعاونیهای روستایی شهرستان کرمانشاه"، روستا و توسعه، دوره 12، شماره 2، صص 10-1، 1388.
یعقوبی، جعفر؛ قاسمی، جواد؛ "بررسی عوامل مؤثر بر موفقیت کارآفرینان بخش کشاورزی و راهکارهای حمایت از آنها: مطالعه موردی: استان زنجان"، تعاون، دوره 20، شماره 203، صص 20-1، 1388.
Arora, S.; Romijn, H.; “The empty rhetoric of poverty reduction at the base of the pyramid”, Organization, Vol. 19, Issue 4, pp. 481-505, 2012.
Baumol, W. J.; Strom, R. J.; “Entrepreneurship and economic growth”, Strategic entrepreneurship journal, Vol. 1, Issue 3‐4, pp. 233-237, 2007.
Bruton, G. D.; Ketchen Jr, D. J.; Ireland, R. D.; “Entrepreneurship as a solution to poverty”, Journal of Business Venturing, Vol. 28, Issue 6, pp. 683-689, 2013.
Cooney, T.; Malinen, P.; “Firm growth as a research issue”, Inter-RENT online publication, 2004.
Fontela, E.; Gabus, A.; The DEMATEL observer, DEMATEL, 1976 report. Switzerland Geneva: Battelle Geneva Research Center, 1976.
Gholizadeh, S.; Mohammadkazemi, R.; “International entrepreneurial opportunity: A systematic review, meta-synthesis, and future research agenda”, J Int Entrep, Vol. 20, pp. 218–254, 2022.

https://doi.org/10.1007/s10843-021-00306-7

Gupta, A. K.; Grassroots innovation: Minds on the margin are not marginal minds: Random House India, 2016.
Hori, S.; Shimizu, Y.; “Designing methods of human interface for supervisory control systems”, Control Engineering Practice, Vol. 7, No. 11, 1999.
Hormiga, E.; Batista-Canino, R. M.; Sánchez-Medina, A.; “ The role of intellectual capital in the success of new ventures”, International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, Vol. 7, Issue 1, pp. 71-92, 2011.
Jamali, B.; Mohammadkazami,R.; YadollahiFarsi, J.; Mobini Dehkordi, A.; “Theories of opportunity creation and effective entrepreneurial actions in opportunity creation context”, Decision Science Letters, No. 7, pp. 443–454, 2018.
Kafeshani, A.; Ahmadi; Rezvani, M.; Chitsazan, H.; Mohammadkazemi, Reza; “The Art of Fundraising from Business Angels Based on Entrepreneurial Marketing: A New Insight”, International Journal of Entrepreneurship, 22, Issue 3, 2018.
Krueger, Jr. N.F.; Reilly, M.D.; Carsrud, A.L.; “Competing models of entrepreneurial intentions”, Journal of business venturing, Vol. 15, Issue 5-6, pp. 411-432, 2000.
Krueger, N. F.; “The impact of prior entrepreneurial exposure on perceptions of new venture feasibility and desirability”, Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, Vol. 18, Issue 1, pp. 5-21, 1993.
Krueger, N. F.; “Encouraging the identification of environmental opportunities”, Journal of Organizational Change Management, Vol. 11, Issue 2, pp. 174-183, 1998.
Krueger, N. F.; “What lies beneath? The experiential essence of entrepreneurial thinking”, Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, Vol. 31, No. 1, pp. 123-138. 2007
Krueger, N. F.; “Entrepreneurial intentions are dead: Long live entrepreneurial intentions”, In Understanding the entrepreneurial mind, Springer, pp. 51-72, 2009.
Krueger, N. F.; Day, M.; “Looking forward, looking backward: From entrepreneurial cognition to neuroentrepreneurship, In Handbook of entrepreneurship research, Springer, pp. 321-357, 2010.
London, T.; Anupindi, R.; “Using the base-of-the-pyramid perspective to catalyze interdependence-based collaborations”, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 109, Issue 31, pp. 12338-12343, 2012.
Mackenzie, N.; Knipe, S.; “Research dilemmas: Paradigms, methods and methodology”, Issues in educational research, Vol. 16, Issue 2, pp. 193-205, 2006.
Moradi, M.; Imanipour, N.; Arasti, Z.; Mohammadkazemi, R.; “Poverty and entrepreneurship: a systematic review of poverty-related issues discussed in entrepreneurship literature”, World Review of Entrepreneurship, Management and Sust. Development, Vol. 16, No. 2, 2020.
Neumeyer, X.; Santos, S. C.; Morris, M. H.; “Overcoming Barriers to Technology Adoption When Fostering Entrepreneurship Among the Poor: The Role of Technology and Digital Literacy”, IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management, 2020.
Nobre, F. S.; Morais-da-Silva, R. L.; “Capabilities of bottom of the pyramid organizations”, Business & Society, 00076503211001826, 2021.
Sarkar, S.; Pansera, M.; “Sustainability-driven innovation at the bottom: Insights from grassroots ecopreneurs”, Technological Forecasting and Social Change, No. 114, pp. 327-338, 2017.
Timmons, J. A.; New Venture Creation, Boston, MA: Irwin. Boston, MA: Irwin, 1997.
Timmons, J. A.; The Entrepreneurial Mind: ERIC, 1989.
Timmons, J. A.; “New Venture Creation: Entrepreneurship for the 21st Century”, Homewood, IL: Irwin, 1994.
Yessoufou, A. W.; Blok, V.; Omta, S.; “The process of entrepreneurial action at the base of the pyramid in developing countries: a case of vegetable farmers in Benin”, Entrepreneurship & Regional Development, Vol. 30, Issue 1-2, pp. 1-28, 2018.