نوع مقاله : مقاله علمی-پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استاد دانشکده مدیریت دانشگاه تهران

2 استاد دانشگاه مالک اشتر

3 استادیار دانشکده مدیریت دانشگاه تهران

4 دانشجوی دکتری مدیریت فناوری دانشگاه تهران

چکیده

امروزه در تحقیقات حوزه مدیریت و خصوصا مدیریت فناوری، استفاده از واژه پلتفرم در قالب استعاره و مفهوم گسترش یافته است. این واژه، مجموعه‌ای از اجزای یک سیستم کلی را توصیف می‌کند که با سایر اجزای سیستم تعامل دارند و به صورت مشترک معماری سیستم را شکل می‌دهند و برای توصیف پدیده‌های مدیریتی در سطح محصولات مجزا، سیستم‌های محصول، زنجیره تامین صنعت، بازارها و صنایع بکار می‌رود. هدف این مطالعه مروری نظام‌مند، طبقه‌بندی و ارائه‌ی چارچوبی از انواع پلتفرم‌های فناورانه، جهت بهبود درک پویایی‌های این نوع پلتفرمها و ارائه‌ی یک نوع‌شناسی جامع از انواع مختلف پلتفرم تحت یک منطق نظری منسجم بود تا از این طریق به جای تمرکز بر معانی متنوع، بر زمینه‌ای که این واژه در آن مورد استفاده قرار می-گیرد، تمرکز گردد. نتایج حاکی از وجود پنج نوع پلتفرم فناورانه شامل پلتفرم‌ سازمانی، محصول، زنجیره تامین، بازار، و صنعتی دارند که در سه دسته‌ پلتفرمهای داخلی، زنجیره تامین و خارجی طبقه‌بندی شده‌اند. پس از ایجاد یک طبقه‌بندی جامع از انواع پلتفرمها، با ارائه‌ی یک پیوستار پویاییهای این پلتفرم‌ها را در قالب افزایش اختیارات عاملان درگیر در پلتفرم، و افزایش پتانسیل نوآوری مشارکتی و رقابت میان عاملان درگیر در پلتفرم برای نوآوری نمایش داده‌اند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Typology of technological platforms: study of platform dynamics

نویسندگان [English]

  • Ahmad jaafarnejad 1
  • manoochehr manteghi 2
  • mohammad reza sadeghi moghadam 3
  • Mohammad Goshtasbi 4

1 Faculty of management

2 Faculty of management

3 faculty of management

4 PhD student of management of technology

چکیده [English]

Nowadays, using the word “platform” in the area of management researches, especially in technology management, has expanded metaphorically and conceptually. This word describes a collection of parts of a general system which interarts with the other parts of the system, and together form the system architecture; it is used to describe managerial phenomena at the level of discrete products, product systems, supply chain of industry, markets, and industries. The aim of this study is reviewing systematically, classifying, and presenting a framework of different technological platforms in order to understand their dynamics and proposing a comprehensive typology of different types of them under a coherrent theoretical logic; thus, the field in which this word is used is focused instead of concentrating on its varied meanings. The results indicate that there are five technological platforms including organizational, product, supply chain, market, and industrial ones which are classified in three groups of internal, supply chain, and external platforms. After a comprehensive classification of different platforms is created, their dynamics are shown by presenting a continuum in the form of increasing the authorities of the factors involved in platform, the participative innovation potential and the competition among factors involved in platform for innovation.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Technological Platforms
  • organizational platform
  • product platform
  • industry platform
  • supply chain platform
  • market platform
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