نوع مقاله : مقاله علمی-پژوهشی
نویسنده
گروه توسعه کسب و کار، دپارتمان مدیریت فناوری، پژوهشگاه صنعت نفت
چکیده
سازمان‌های پژوهش و فناوری یکی از سازمان‌های مرتبط با فعالیت‌های توسعه فناوری هستند که بخش عمده‌ای از مراکز و موسسات پژوهشی دولتی کشور را تشکیل می‌دهند. با توجه به تسری خصوصی‌سازی به حوزه پژوهش و فناوری در کشور و قرارگرفتن مراکز و موسسات پژوهشی دولتی در دستور کار خصوصی‌سازی دولت، هدف این مقاله بررسی انتقادی سیاست خصوصی‌سازی سازمان‌های پژوهش و فناوری بر مبنای تبیین مبانی رویکرد کسب و کارگرا در سازمان‌های پژوهش و فناوری است.
بدین منظور با بررسی ویژگی‌ها و روند تکامل تاریخی سازمان‌های پژوهش و فناوری و تبیین رویکرد کسب و کارگرا در این سازمان‌ها، به تشریح چالش‌های خصوصی‌سازی سازمان‌های پژوهش و فناوری در کشور پرداخته شده است. براین اساس فارغ از دولتی بودن یا نبودن سازمان‌های پژوهش و فناوری، رویکرد کسب و کارگرا در آنها قابل پیاده سازی است و خصوصی‌سازی الزامی برای تبدیل سازمان‌های پژوهش و فناوری دولتی به سازمانی کارآفرین و ارزش آفرین نیست و این تفکر که سازمان‌های پژوهش و فناوری را می‌توان از طریق اجبار به درآمدزائی از صنعت، به سمت خودگردانی مالی هدایت نمود یک اشتباه راهبردی است که پیش‌تر در کشورهای پیشتاز جهان در این حوزه آزمون شده و موفق نبوده است. همچنین اینکه رویکرد کسب و کارگرا به سازمان‌های پژوهش و فناوری معادل با اجبار آنها به درآمدزائی درنظر گرفته شود یک اشتباه راهبردی دیگر است. یک دیدگاه اشتباه دیگر در کشور این تصور است که در صورت حذف سازمان‌های پژوهش و فناوری، استارت‌آپ‌های فناورانه و یا شرکت‌های دانش بنیان جایگزین بهتر و برتر آنها هستند.
کلیدواژه‌ها
موضوعات
عنوان مقاله [English]
Explaining the Foundations of the Business-Oriented Approach to Research and Technology Organizations: A Critical Approach to the Privatization Policy of Public Research Institutions and Centers
نویسنده [English]
- Reza Bandarian
Business Develoment Department, Technology Management Division, Research Institute of Petroleum Industry
چکیده [English]
Research and technology organizations are one of the organizations related to technology development activities that constitute the major part of public research institutions and centers in Iran. Given the spread of privatization to the field of research and technology in Iran and the inclusion of public research institutions and centers in the agenda of privatization, the purpose of this article is to critically review the privatization policy of research and technology organizations.
For this purpose, by examining the characteristics and historical evolution of research and technology organizations and explaining the business-oriented approach in these organizations, the challenges of privatization of research and technology organizations in Iran have been explained. Accordingly, regardless of whether the research and technology organizations are governmental or not, the business-oriented approach can be implemented in them, and privatization is not necessary to turn public research and technology organizations into an entrepreneurial and value-creating organization, and the idea that research and technology organizations can be driven towards financial autonomy (financial self- sufficiency) by forcing them to monetize from industry is a strategic mistake that has already been tried and tested in the world's leading countries and has not been successful. It is also a strategic mistake to consider the business-oriented approach to research and technology organizations as equivalent to forcing them to generate revenue. Another misconception in Iran is that if research and technology organizations are eliminated, technological startups or knowledge-based companies will be better and superior alternatives for them.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
- Research and Technology Organizations
- Privatization
- Business Oriented Approach
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