ارزیابی توانمندی‌ و تعیین شکاف فناوری در صنعت انرژی بادی در ایران

نوع مقاله : مقاله علمی-پژوهشی

نویسنده

عضو هیات علمی سازمان پژوهشهای علمی و صنعتی ایران

10.22034/jtd.2024.2012694.1888
چکیده
با توجه به وضعیت اقتصادی در کشور، حرکت به سمت موضوع ساخت داخل به ویژه تجهیزات مرتبط با نیروگاه‌های تجدیدپذیر با توجه به تحریم‌های متمادی در سال‌های اخیر مورد تاکید سیاست‌های کلان کشور است. یکی از الزامات تدوین سیاست‌های ساخت داخل، ارزیابی توانمندی فناوری کشور در زمینه انرژی‌های تجدیدپذیر است. در این مقاله سعی گردیده تا با استفاده از نظر خبرگان و به صورت نمونه‌گیری هدفمند غیراحتمالی، سطح توانمندی فناوری زنجیره ارزش صنعت انرژی بادی در کشور، سطح بالفعل و بالقوه توانمندی فناوری بررسی و احصاء گردد. سپس با استفاده از مدل اطلس فناوری، شکاف فناوری میان سطح بالفعل و بالقوه در حوزه‌های مختلف سخت‌افزار، نرم‌افزار، سازمان‌افزار و انسان‌افزار در حوزه‌های اصلی این صنعت شناسایی و تبیین گردیده است. در این تحقیق مشخص گردیده است که سطح توانمندی بالفعل قطعات اصلی گیربکس، ژنراتور، هاب، برج و سیستم کنترل توربین‌های بادی محور مقیاس‌بزرگ «توان ساخت با درصدی طراحی بومی» و توان بالقوه آن‌ها نیز «توان ساخت با 100درصد طراحی بومی» است. در مورد پره نیز به دلایل خاص دانشی، مواد اولیه و سخت‌افزاری، توان فعلی فناورانه «توان مونتاژ» و «توان ساخت با درصدی طراحی بومی» و توان بالقوه آن نیز «توان ساخت با 100درصد طراحی بومی» است. همچنین چالش فناورانه مشترک میان بسیاری از حوزه‌های اصلی این صنعت را می‌توان «کمبود بازار انبوه»، «کمبود توجیه اقتصادی تولید محدود قطعات»، «کمبود تجهیزات تست و آزمایشگاهی»، «کمبود بودجه تحقیق و توسعه در صنایع، دانشگاه‌ها و پژوهشگاه‌های کشور» و در برخی از موارد «کمبود ماشین‌آلات ساخت» دانست.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله English

Technological Capability Assessment and Gap Analysis of Wind Energy Industry in Iran

نویسنده English

Seyed Moslem Mousavi Dorcheh
assistant professor at Iranian Research Organization for Science and Technology
چکیده English

Based on economic, political and technological status of Iran, local manufacturing, especially in renewable powerplants equipments, is emphasized by the high-level policies due to many sanctions in recent years. One of the requirements for developing local content policies is to evaluate the technological capabilities of the country, which is the purpose of this paper. In this paper, we attempt to assess the technological capability of the wind industry value chain in Iran, using the opinion of experts and in the form of targeted non-probability sampling. Then, by using the Technology Atlas Model, the technological gap between the actual and potential level in different areas of hardware, software, orga-ware and human-ware in the value chain of this industry has been identified and explained. In this research, it has been determined that the actual technological capability of the main parts of the large-scale wind turbines like gearbox, generator, hub, tower and control system is "manufacturing with a percentage of local design" and their potential capability is also "manufacturing with 100% local design". In the case of blade, due to specific knowledge, raw materials and hardware reasons, the current technological capability is "assembly" and "manufacturing with a percentage of local design" and its potential capability is also "manufacturing with 100% local design". Also, the common technological challenges among many main areas of this industry are: "lack of mass market", "lack of economic feasibility”, "lack of test and lab equipments", "lack of R&D budget", and in some cases "lack of manufacturing machinery equipments".

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Technological Capability Assessment
Technological Gap
Wind Energy
Wind Industry
Iran
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  • تاریخ دریافت 09 مهر 1402
  • تاریخ بازنگری 05 اردیبهشت 1403
  • تاریخ پذیرش 06 خرداد 1403